A Comparison of Holden of Catcher in the Rye and Equality...

Catcher in the Rye and Anthem - A Comparison of Holden and Equality 7-251 nbsp; nbsp; Is it possible that two completely different authors could create two identical characters?nbsp; It seems so; J.D. Salingers Holden, from Catcher in the Rye, and Ayn Rands Equality 7-2521, in Anthem, appear to be one in the same person.nbsp;nbsp; To end the oppression they received for the span of their entire lives, both Holden and Equality run from their oppressors.nbsp; Most importantly, neither Holden nor Equality live up to the expectations of others.nbsp; Holdens personality identically reflects that of Equality 7-2521 in Ayn Rands Anthem. nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Holden and Equality 7-2521 were oppressed their†¦show more content†¦nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; By chasing their dreams, neither Holden nor Equality 7-2521 live up to others expectations of them.nbsp; Throughout his life, Holden is told that he would be a graduate from a prestigious university, and a professional.nbsp; In his heart, he knows that these are not his aspirations, and eventually decides to live his own life, striving to be a catcher in the rye.nbsp; He despises the idea of molding ones life in order to become successful, stating, [The world is] full of phonies, and all you do is study so that you can learn enough to be smart enough to be able to buy a goddam Cadillac some day...nbsp; Equality, much like Holden,

How Global Warming Impacts the World Free Essays

Nowadays, we are concerned with the increasing temperature nowadays, which has a great effect on the earth. When it becomes hotter, the most evident change we can see is in sea level. Icebergs all over the world are melting and change from ice to water, which has larger volume. We will write a custom essay sample on How Global Warming Impacts the World or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a result, more space has to be occupied to contain water instead of icebergs, and sea level increases. Many beaches are getting smaller, and some islands are even disappearing. It was also reported that some countries based on the islands of East Asia had to move to Australia because of the increasing sea level. Animals and human are suffering from the process. Not only polar bears, but also penguins and other animals have less space to live on or less food to eat because of the melting icebergs. Meanwhile, they are used to cold weather and are forced by global warming to get used to a higher temperature, which may increase their death rate. Human are also affected. The number of people dying from extreme hot weather is increasing, which makes the others worry al lot. In an addition point, global warming also has impacts on agriculture. Weather conditions and soil change in response to global warming, and as a consequent, places like Russia benefit from global warming for they can grow more kinds of food in a larger area, while places like Africa suffer from the expanding deserts results from global warming. Despite agriculture, there are also other indirectly effects on economy and many other aspects, and people are now finding solutions for them. The first thing to do is giving out less Carbon dioxide or other gases related to global warming. To achieve the goal, less electricity should be used, car should be driven less frequently, and alternative energy resources should partly replace the traditional ones. Greater emphasis has been put on planting trees to absorb Carbon dioxide. In the short term, special zoos can also be set up for animals like polar bear to provide them with enough food and places. As it can be seen, climate change has directly or unconsciously impacts on ecology, agriculture and other aspects. Serious though it seems, it can be solved with technology and everyone’s efforts. How to cite How Global Warming Impacts the World, Papers

Ethics and Social Responsibility Ethical Climate and Purchasing

Question: Describe about the Ethics and Social Responsibility for Ethical Climate and Purchasing. Answer: Introduction The significance of ethics and responsibility According to Nica (2013), a business without ethics is bound to become ineffective ultimately. Business ethics helps to keep moral and principled rights, duties and business authorities between an organization and its stakeholders such as personnel, clients, administration and suppliers. Ethics are connected with all the disciplines of an organization that includes information related to accounting human resource organization, global business information, sales and marketing, manufacture and rational possessions information. The rationale for the topic Business ethics including social responsibility is known to bring noteworthy benefits to a business. As per theories of Rupp et al. (2015), business ethics can help to attract customers to the organizations products that would boost sales and profits. It also helps to motivate the employees to perform better that can reduce labor turnover and improve productivity. However, most of the organizations fail to implement proper ethics in their business that is why it was important to conduct this study that will focus on such an organization that have successfully implemented ethical responsibilities in their workplace. The structure of the report Figure 1: Structure of the report (Source: Author) Literature review Organization theories Organizational theories in the 1980s and 1990s: During the period, quite a few managerial theories received important notice. Theory Z was a popular theory among them, which was a mix of American and Japanese administration practices. This theory played an important part in Japans documented productivity improvement and resolved Americas manufacturing difficulties. Classical theories: This theory is known as the systematic study of an organization. This theory handles the anatomy of traditional companies including job-unit or authority and accountability or responsibility. According to Zheng et al. (2014), classical theory considered organizations as a machine where workers were known as cogs. This theory stated that efficiency and productivity of an organization could be improved by improving competence of the personnel. Bureaucratic theory: This theory states that organizations are calculated to achieve large-scale managerial responsibilities by methodically coordinating the job of many persons. According to this theory, one human being is said to have power or influence. Weber who introduced theory also believed that an organization is a secretarial body of chosen officials governed by organized system. Systems theory: According to Swanson and Frederick (2016), an organization is a complex set of animatedly tangled and unified rudiments that includes processes, feedback loops, inputs and outputs. If any change occurs in one element, it will change other elements too. Features of this organizational theory say that it will be an open system, which will consider organizational environmental interface. It also claims that an organization must be dynamic and adaptive including a multilevel and multi-dimensional approach. Besides, it is also said that organizations should follow both micro and macro level aspects. Contingency theory: This organizational hypothesis is also known as situational theory that has no exacting design and executive act. Therefore, it can go with any types of situation. It primarily focuses on exterior determinants of an association and its performance (Blome and Paulraj 2013). Main motto of contingency theory is to develop a relationship between organization and its environment. Based on this theory, various factors were introduced that can determine efficiency of an organizational formation which are environment, expertise, people, size and strategy. Some different kind of formations that can be used for dissimilar conditions are, Mechanistic structure- In this structure the management and higher authority is placed at the top and puts prominence on regulation and order (Ismaeel and Blaim 2012). Workers within this type of organizational structure are monitored and managed closely. Organic structure- In this type of organizational structure influence is decentralized and separate departments are motivated to take functional perspective. This structure works best in unstable and regularly changing environment. Basic concepts and theories about responsibilities Three approaches of corporate responsibility exist primarily to make profits which are corporate social responsibility, The triple bottom line and Stakeholder theory. Corporate social responsibility: This theory focuses to create profit and develop the accountability to cooperate morally with the adjacent society (Jorge and Pea 2014). It also serves to develop responsibilities while playing role in broader question of society wellbeing. Four different responsibilities under this theory are described below, Economic responsibilities- This only puts focus to make money as companies that do not make profits doomed to perish. However, exceptions are there in the form of non-profit organization that gains profit only through assistance and grants but pour back to their work (Lakshman et al. 2014). In addition, some public or private hybrid companies function without gaining profits. Legal responsibilities- These responsibilities serve to monitor and maintain rules and regulation. Mostly, organizations that operate worldwide are asked to follow rules and regulations in each country. Ethical responsibility- This responsibility asks to do the right thing always even when the spirit of law does not require it (Kolk 2016). For example, if a person is driving a BMW along a country road on freezing winters night and sees a person is standing on the road with a flat, then he should help that person. This is a social responsibility, not a legal one. The triple bottom line: This type of accountability dictates that business leaders tabularize bottom-line results not only in financial conditions but also in terms of company effects in the communal realm. Two key ideas of this method are divided in two parts. First, three columns of responsibility must be kept divided and second, in all those three areas an organization should gather sustainable results. Stakeholder theory: Edward Freeman describes this theory, which is a mirror image of corporal social responsibility. It does not start with business and look out into the world to figure out moral obligations; however, it starts in the world. It lists and describes those groups and individual who will be exaggerated by the events of an organization. basic concept and theories about ethics Business leaders take ethically significant decisions regularly and those decisions are taken according to some theory of ethical behavior (Blome and Paulraj 2013). Some basic ethical theories and concepts are, Self-interest: Followers of laissez-faire capitalism believe that business decisions must be taken based on self-interest to the extent allowed by law. It is also true that this type of behavior is considered as unethical. However, winners of free market economic stated that self-interest behavior produces wealth and created jobs. Sympathy and consequences- According to Bondy et al. (2012), an organization cannot become successful if it solely relies on compassion. However, that does not mean compassion should never be a factor in ethical decision-making. Fundamental preamble of the organization The background of the organization Commonwealth Bank of Australia is one of the leading multinational banks that do their business in New Zealand, Fiji, UK and USA. However, it is commonly referred to as Commonwealth Bank and this provides services in different fields like retail sector, business and institutional banking. As of August, 2015, this bank is the prevalent Australian scheduled corporation on the Australian Securities Exchange with some popular brands like Bankwest, ASB Bank, Commonwealth Securities Limited and some others. From the company profile, it can be seen that this bank is there to provide services in banking, life insurance, related services for the individuals. The premeditated strengths of the Commonwealth Bank are its brand value, scale and the expanded business mix. The groups dividend policy seeks to deliver cash shares at strong and sustainable levels along with the maximum use of franking by paying completely franked payments. Apart from that, it focuses on a full year payout ratio of betw een 70% and 80%. In order to keep this policy, the responsible board has determined a final dividend of $2.22 per share for the second half of the year. The bank provides commercial and all-purpose banking, intercontinental financing, institutional banking and stock broking and funds administration like superannuation merchandise (commbank.com.au 2016). Mission and vision statement The vision of Commonwealth Bank of Australia is to excel at securing as well as enhancing the financial well-being of the people, communities and the businesses. Their shareholder base totals more than 800,000 and they have the target to increase this number. 78.5% of their staffs in Australia are their shareholders and they are planning to expand this number. From the annual reports of this organization, it has been seen that the group of Commonwealth Bank of Australia has $933,078 million in assets, as per 30th June, 2016 (commbank.com.au 2016). Investigation of the exterior business situation The cultural factors that leave impact on the Commonwealth Bank of Australia From the news, it has been seen that Commonwealth Bank of Australia has recently shifted to the activity based work culture. It has been seen that in line with the banks move into its new workplaces in Sydneys CBD, the corporation has started transitioning employees to an activity-based-work form. It can be opined that the activity based working identifies there is a spectrum of the work styles as well as demands and that every day; people would have different activities in order to complete involving changeable levels of concentration or partnership. Apart from that, it is required to mention that the demonstrating their progress and commitment towards corporate responsibility is increasingly important not only for their own group people and the community partners, but also for the customers. The company believes in empowering and engaging the staffs and thus activity-based working is the most appropriate one (Alvesson 2012). The importance of the cultural factor Alvesson (2012) has stated that the impact of social as well as cultural factors on the adoption of the technology is still demands thorough research work. There are several factors that affect the organizational culture and these have been mentioned here in details. It can be stated that the first and the foremost important cultural factor that affect the culture is the individual working with the organization. Apart from that, the sex of the employees and the nature of the business are other two major cultural factors. Goetsch and Davis (2014) have stated that the culture of the organization is also affected by its objectives and goals and the clients and the external parties are also major contributing factors in this part. However, it is required to mention that the management and the style of handling the employees are also important factor at this particular point (markets.ft.com 2016). Evaluation of the corporate social responsibility The corporate social responsibility issues of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia From the company profile, it can be seen that corporate social responsibility takes several structures at the Commonwealth Bank of Australia, as they continually look to make a positive impact through the procedure they do trade in the public. If focus is shed on the company profile, it can be found that being guided by the vision, the company actively takes into account the environmental, social and economic impacts and tends to influence the business likewise. Apart from that, they look for several ways to use their unique potentialities as well as resources in order to make a positive contribution beyond the core business (cio.com.au 2016). Apart from that, it can be stated that reviewing the already existing policies, procedures as well as practices under the light of environmental, economic and social impact is one of the prominent corporate social responsibilities of Commonwealth Bank of Australia. However, some recent issues related to the net banking have raised some question s in their corporate social responsibilities presently. The potential problems and challenges of the organization Recent news has stated that Commonwealth Bank of Australia has been experiencing issues with the Net Banking along with CommBank applications, with the customers unable to complete their transactions. Apart from that, it can be opined that this issue might also be affecting POS terminals with some consumers reporting they cannot withdraw cash. This is one of the recent challenges that the company has been facing and to make the entire procedure smooth is the biggest challenge to the operations team of Commonwealth Bank of Australia (Moran et al. 2014). Most of the customers have logged complaints against Commonwealth Bank of Australia that they expect far better services and thus it is clear that the company has been facing some severe operations issues (commbank.com.au 2016). Possible methods to deal with the issue In order to deal with the addressed issues, the management team and the operations team is required to have string technical support from the experts. The team is required to hire potential technologists who would solve any issues related to net banking of Commonwealth Bank of Australia. This would help the organization to get more customers, both the new and existing. However, reports have been stating that it is not the first time that the company has faced this issue and thus it demands a thorough investigation of this system. Therefore, it can be suggested that the company is required to hire top technicians who would look after this matter carefully, so that no further customers face this. Apart from that, the responsible technicians must upgrade the official app of Commonwealth Bank of Australia, so that the transaction becomes easy to all. Evaluation of fitness of the organization culture and my career plan Business Process management culture model is one of the significant models that contribute a better understanding of the notion of culture in Business Process Management. The below mentioned figure would demonstrate the situation carefully. Here cultural fir refers to the basic congruence between Business Process Management culture and cultural context, which is required for a Business Process Management approach to be highly successful. Figure 2: Business Process Management Cultural Model (Source: Moran et al. 2014) In order to understand the entire concept, I have developed an assessment tool for measuring the cultural fitness of the organizations for Business Process Management. This tool is the outcome of the mutual research program of my study and practical knowledge. I have gradually developed this model and this has helped me to understand the situation more clearly. Figure 3: Excerpt of an individual results report from the culture assessment tool (Source: Moran et al. 2014) Conclusion At the end it can concluded that business ethics and social responsibility is an important aspect that each organization should follow in order to gain success in todays competitive market place. Commonwealth Bank of Australia, in its initial states strictly maintained code of ethics and served the society with proper responsibility. However, recently, due to some irresponsible behavior the organization is losing their grip over ethics and responsibility. Their net banking issue is not only developing frustration among the customers, but also taking away their brand image and profitability. Therefore, it can be said that, an immediate change management is required which will bring new methods, rules and regulations to deal with this issue. References Alvesson, M., 2012.Understanding organizational culture. London: Sage. Blome, C. and Paulraj, A., 2013. Ethical climate and purchasing social responsibility: A benevolence focus.Journal of Business Ethics,116(3), pp.567-585. Bondy, K., Moon, J. and Matten, D., 2012. An institution of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in multi-national corporations (MNCs): Form and implications.Journal of Business Ethics,111(2), pp.281-299. cio.com.au, 2016.Commonwealth Bank shifts to activity-based work culture, swanky new head office. [online] CIO. Available at: https://www.cio.com.au/article/401530/commonwealth_bank_shifts_activity-based_work_culture_swanky_new_head_office/ [Accessed 21 Aug. 2016]. commbank.com.au, 2016.Annual reports - Commonwealth Bank Group. [online] Commbank.com.au. Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/about-us/shareholders/financial-information/annual-reports.html [Accessed 21 Aug. 2016]. commbank.com.au, 2016.CommBank's Sustainability Report 2015. [online] Commbank.com.au. Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/sustainability2015/approach-corporate-responsibility.html [Accessed 21 Aug. 2016]. commbank.com.au, 2016.Community - Partnerships - Social and environmental support - Commonwealth Bank Group. [online] Commbank.com.au. Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/about-us/sustainability-and-community/community/partnerships/social-environmental-support.html [Accessed 21 Aug. 2016]. commsec.com.au, 2016.CommSec - Online Share Trading Investing. Start trading today with Australia's leading online broker.. [online] Commsec.com.au. Available at: https://www.commsec.com.au/ [Accessed 21 Aug. 2016]. Garca-Morales, V.J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M.M. and Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L., 2012. Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of Business Research,65(7), pp.1040-1050. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Ismaeel, M. and Blaim, K., 2012. Toward applied Islamic business ethics: responsible halal business.Journal of Management Development,31(10), pp.1090-1100. Jorge, M.L. and Pea, F.J.A., 2014. Determinants of corporate social responsibility and business ethics education in Spanish universities.Business Ethics: A European Review,23(2), pp.139-153. Kolk, A., 2016. The social responsibility of international business: From ethics and the environment to CSR and sustainable development.Journal of World Business,51(1), pp.23-34. Lakshman, C., Ramaswami, A., Alas, R., Kabongo, J.F. and Pandian, J.R., 2014. Ethics trumps culture? A cross-national study of business leader responsibility for downsizing and CSR perceptions.Journal of Business Ethics,125(1), pp.101-119. markets.ft.com, 2016.Commonwealth Bank of Australia, CBA:ASX summary - FT.com. [online] Markets.ft.com. Available at: https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/summary?s=CBA:ASX [Accessed 21 Aug. 2016]. Moran, R.T., Abramson, N.R. and Moran, S.V., 2014.Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Nica, E., 2013. Social Responsibility, Corporate Welfare, and Business Ethics.Psychosociological Issues in Human Resource Management,1(1), pp.9-14. Rupp, D.E., Wright, P.M., Aryee, S. and Luo, Y., 2015. Organizational justice, behavioral ethics, and corporate social responsibility: Finally the three shall merge.Management and Organization Review,11(01), pp.15-24. Scott, W.R. and Davis, G.F., 2015.Organizations and organizing: Rational, natural and open systems perspectives. Routledge. Swanson, D.L. and Frederick, W.C., 2016. Denial and leadership in business ethics education.Business ethics: New challenges for business schools and corporate leaders, pp.222-240. Zheng, Q., Luo, Y. and Wang, S.L., 2014. Moral degradation, business ethics, and corporate social responsibility in a transitional economy.Journal of business ethics,120(3), pp.405-421.

Hup Seng Essay Example

Hup Seng Paper What competitive advantages this company has? Hup Seng has a pretty simple business model with simple products. It has 3 subsidiaries one which is a biscuit confectionery, the other is to distribute and sells and the one it acquires, Incomix. It is not a great business and some of its product FB business industry against the likes of Kraft and Nestle. Hup Seng ’s competitive advantage is its relatively lower price or maybe some customers who prefer its taste better than the other. SWOT Analysis Strengths 1. Currently in a good financial position (few debts, etc) 2. Skilled workforce (little training required) 3. Company name recognized on a National/Regional/Local level 4. Own premises (no additional costs for renting)| Weakness 1. Less customer 2. Too much waste 3. Low customer retention 4. Low production quality compared to other brands. 5. Low integrity of annual report| Opportunities 1. Skilled workforce means that they can be moved and trained into other areas of the business 2. Competitor going bankrupt (Takeover opportunity) 3. Moving a product into a new market sector| Threats 1. Large and increasing competition 2. Increase in tax 3. Rising cost of Wages (Basic wage, etc) 4. Possible relocation costs due to poor location currently held 5. Local authority refusing plans for future building expansion 6. New distribution channel| How the financial Performances Profitability trends are appear? Picture shown above is the financial highlights of 5 years analysis of Hup Seng Industries Bhd. * From the perspective of turnover of the company is stable during year 2006-2007 shows that the product produces by the company is sold very quickly in the 5 years operation. We will write a custom essay sample on Hup Seng specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Hup Seng specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Hup Seng specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It also shows that company is efficient in selling their products. * Profit after tax means the net profit receive by the company is surprisingly increase from year 2006-2009 but then have slightly decrease. The increase of net profit showed that company have expand their product from time to time according to customer’s taste and lead to increase in sales * Net earnings per share of the company also increase surprisingly from year 2006-2009 but then also decrease a bit at year 2010. This is because when the sales of the company increase it leads to greater profit of company. Lots of profit gives effect to the retained profit of the company that is used to pay for the shareholders. 12. Can it sustain its profitability and competitiveness, in this export business in the long run? No, company cannot sustain its profitability and competitiveness in the long run in this export business because there’s a lot of competitors nowadays who export their products which is in the same industries that is consumer products. To be more specific, company which selling biscuits too. Their profit might fluctuate from time to time if they do not maintain their relationship with customers and their supplier. Understand customer’s needs are very crucial in business. 13. Make appropriate recommendations on how to: (International market) There are 3 elements to sustain or enhance its long term survival Consulting – Company needs to get consultant to manage the daily operation so that everything going smooth and activities perform by the company will generate more income. Technology – Import technology from outside in order to increase the efficient production of the company. Outsourcing – Outsourcing  is the act of one company contracting with another company to provide services that might otherwise be performed by in-house employees. Often the tasks that are outsourced could be performed by the company itself, but in many cases there are financial advantages that come from  outsourcing. By outsourcing some products in this case, company can give attention on producing new products without worrying about the product that they outsourced. Now with the advent of information systems and technology, competitive information gathering in deed can to some large extent make a difference to a Hup Seng Industries Bhd position in an industry and for that matter affect its competitive advantage one way or the other. This company can either use their own database or informational gathering software to track its operations and get the required information like inventory, customers, and trends of competitors performance and about the fast moving products. If a firm can keep or maintain its lead on creating value, leveraging strategic assets for example access to efficient distribution channels, maintain market position and may be low cost advantage then it can be said to have a sustainable competitive advantage. This is absolutely not possible in this dynamic business world. From innovation center, part of that commitment to innovation involves embracing new and disruptive ideas. Another important aspect is leveraging open innovation and open sourcing methods that bring together suppliers, partners, employees and management. Companies that effectively commercialize innovation also develop more risk tolerance when scanning for opportunities outside their immediate business environment. They become more willing to cannibalize products and services when investigating new growth platforms. They become more adept at the operational requirements of their winning concepts, leveraging current partners, networks, assets and distinctive capabilities to help drive growth through innovation

Battle of Island Number 10 in the Civil War

Battle of Island Number 10 in the Civil War Battle of Island Number 10 - Conflict Dates: The Battle of Island Number 10 was fought February 28 to April 8, 1862, during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Armies Commanders Union Brigadier General John PopeFlag Officer Andrew Foote6 gunboats, 11 mortar raftsapprox. 20,000 men Confederates Brigadier General John P. McCownBrigadier General William Mackallapprox. 7,000 men Battle of Island Number 10 - Background: With the beginning of the Civil War, Confederate forces began making efforts to fortify key points along the Mississippi River to prevent Union attacks south. One area that received attention was the New Madrid Bend (near New Madrid, MO) which featured two 180-degree turns in the river. Located at the base of the first turn when steaming south, Island Number Ten dominated the river and any vessels attempting to pass would fall under its guns for protracted period. Work commenced on fortifications on the island and adjacent land in August 1861 under the direction of Captain Asa Gray. The first to be completed was Battery No. 1 on the Tennessee shoreline. Also known as the Redan Battery, it had a clear field of fire upstream but its position on low ground made it subject to frequent flooding. Work at Island Number Ten slowed in the fall of 1861 as resources and focus shifted north to the fortifications under construction at Columbus, KY. In early 1862, Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant captured Forts Henry and Donelson on the nearby Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers. As Union troops pressed towards Nashville, the Confederate forces at Columbus came under threat of being isolated. To prevent their loss, General P.G.T. Beauregard ordered them to withdraw south to Island Number Ten. Arriving in late February, these forces began work to strengthen the areas defenses under the guidance of Brigadier General John P. McCown. Battle of Island Number Ten - Building the Defenses: Seeking to better secure the area, McCown commenced work on fortifications from the northern approaches to the first bend, past the island and New Madrid, and down to Point Pleasant, MO. Within a matter of weeks, McCowns men built five batteries on the Tennessee shore as well as five additional batteries on the island itself. Mounting a combined 43 guns, these positions were further supported by the 9-gun floating battery New Orleans which occupied a position at the western end of the island. At New Madrid, Fort Thompson (14 guns) rose west of the town while Fort Bankhead (7 guns) was built to the east overlooking the mouth of a nearby bayou. Aiding in the Confederate defense were six gunboats overseen by Flag Officer George N. Hollins (Map). Battle of Island Number Ten - Pope Approaches: As McCowns men worked to improve the defenses at the bends, Brigadier General John Pope moved to assemble his Army of the Mississippi at Commerce, MO. Directed to strike at Island Number Ten by Major General Henry W. Halleck, he moved out in late February and arrived near New Madrid on March 3. Lacking the heavy guns to assault the Confederate forts, Pope instead directed Colonel Joseph P. Plummer to occupy Point Pleasant to the south. Though forced to endure shelling from Hollins gunboats, Union troops secured and held the town. On March 12, heavy artillery arrived in Popes camp. Emplacing guns at Point Pleasant, Union forces drove off the Confederate vessels and closed the river to enemy traffic. The following day, Pope began shelling the Confederate positions around New Madrid. Not believing that the town could be held, McCown abandoned it on the night of March 13-14. While some troops moved south to Fort Pillow, the majority joined the defenders on Island Number Ten. Battle of Island Number Ten - The Siege Begins: Despite this failure, McCown received a promotion to major general and departed. Command at Island Number Ten then passed to Brigadier General William W. Mackall. Though Pope had taken New Madrid with ease, the island presented a more difficult challenge. The Confederate batteries on the Tennessee shore were flanked by impassable swamps to the east while the only land approach to the island was along a single road which ran south to Tiptonville, TN. The town itself was sited on a narrow spit of land between the river and Reelfoot Lake. To support operations against Island Number Ten, Pope received Flag Officer Andrew H. Footes Western Gunboat Flotilla as well as a number of mortar rafts. This force arrived above the New Madrid Bend on March 15. Unable to directly assault Island Number Ten, Pope and Foote debated how to reduce its defenses. While Pope desired Foote to run his gunboats past the batteries to cover a landing downstream, Foote had concerns about losing some of his vessels and preferred to commence a bombardment with his mortars. Deferring to Foote, Pope agreed to a bombardment and for the next two weeks the island came under a steady rain of mortar shells. As this action ensued, Union forces cut a shallow canal across the neck of the first bend which allowed transport and supply vessels to reach New Madrid while avoiding the Confederate batteries. With the bombardment proving ineffective, Pope again began to agitate for running some of the gunboats past Island Number Ten. While an initial council of war on March 20 saw Footes captains refuse this approach, a second nine days later resulted in Commander Henry Walke of USS Carondelet (14 guns) agreeing to attempt a passage. Battle of Island Number Ten - The Tide Turns: While Walke waited for a night with good conditions, Union troops led by Colonel George W. Roberts raided Battery No. 1 on the evening of April 1 and spiked its guns. The following night, the Footes flotilla focused its attention on New Orleans and succeeded in cutting the floating batterys mooring lines leading it to drift away downstream. On April 4, conditions proved correct and Carondelet began creeping past Island Number Ten with a coal barge lashed to its side for added protection. Pushing downstream, the Union ironclad was discovered but successfully ran through the Confederate batteries. Two nights later USS Pittsburg (14) made the voyage and joined Carondelet. With the two ironclads to protect his transports, Pope began plotting a landing on the east bank of the river. On April 7, Carondelet and Pittsburg eliminated the Confederate batteries at Watsons Landing clearing the way for Popes army to cross. As Union troops commenced landing, Mackall assessed his situation. Unable to see a way to hold Island Number Ten, he directed his troops to begin moving towards Tiptonville but left a small force on the island. Alerted to this, Pope raced to cut off the Confederates sole line of retreat. Slowed by fire from the Union gunboats, Mackalls men failed to reach Tiptonville before the enemy. Trapped by Popes superior force, he had no choice but to surrender his command on April 8. Pressing forward, Foote received the surrender of those still on Island Number Ten. Battle of Island Number Ten - Aftermath: In the fighting for Island Number Ten, Pope and Foote lost 23 killed, 50 wounded, and 5 missing while Confederate losses numbered around 30 killed and wounded as well as approximately 4,500 captured. The loss of Island Number Ten cleared the Mississippi River to further Union advances and later in the month Flag Officer David G. Farragut opened its southern terminus by capturing New Orleans. Though a key victory, the fighting for Island Number Ten was generally overlooked by the general public as the Battle of Shiloh was fought April 6-7. Selected Sources History of War: Battle of Island Number 10CWSAC Battle Summary: Battle of Island Number 10New Madrid: Battle of Island Number 10

Explain the history and evolution of the U.S. Constitution, related Essay

Explain the history and evolution of the U.S. Constitution, related historical documents, and the U.S. Supreme Court - Essay Example The judges of the federal courts are structurally envisaged to remain independent through a constitutionally designated separation of powers. Article III involves dealing with two basic features of the United States Constitution, namely federalism and separation of powers which makes it eternally relevant and contestable. Here, the constitution invests central powers with the United States Supreme Court as the only institution in which the highest judicial powers of the land is concentrated. According to Amar, â€Å"the Constitution clearly does limit in important ways congressional power to shift ultimate judicial power from federal to state courts† (1985, 271). Importantly, the federal judges and the lower court judges are not equal as the latter is constitutionally created as supreme and independent. III) The Case or Controversy Requirement The case or controversy requirement of Article III is meant for safeguarding the timely power allocation among the courts in an easy ma nner, the rightful representation of a party who is ate the receiving end of the judgment and protecting the matter of self-determinism.

MKTG Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

MKTG - Essay Example Teenagers and young adults spend countless hours in front of their television playing video games. The graphics and capabilities of video game consoles such as X-Box 360 have come so far that it is enabling marketers to become creative in the ads they develop through video games. Video game developers are able to gain extra money by introducing ads into their games. This is a brand new advertising medium that has lots of potential for growth. The use of adverting in video games is done through subtle subliminal messages. A lot of games such as Grand Theft Auto there are entire cities illustrated as part of the plot. Advertisers use these virtual cities as their breeding ground for ads. Companies such as Coca-Cola might place a vending machine in the video game; car manufacturers might use their brand name in the car models players’ use in games such as Grand Turismo. Due to the amount of hours gamers spend playing, marketers want to capitalize on this alternative media to send their messages to potential customers. Work Cited Page Emarketer.com. 2011. â€Å"Video Game Advertising.† 5 April 2011.